连词用法与归纳

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一）连词概述及常用连词

连词分为并列连词和从属连词两大类。并列连词用来连接平行的词、词组和分句、句子，它要求前后两部分有相同的形式和语法作用；而从属连词一般连接主句与从句，从句形式有名词性从句，定语从句和状语从句等。

1.并列连词

并列连词可用来连接词与词，词组与词组，分句与分句。常用的并列连词有：and（和），as well as（既…又），both … and（不但…而且），not only … but also（不但…而且），not … but（不是…而是），neither … nor（既不…也不），either … or（不是…就是），or（或者），but （但是），for（因为），so（所以），while（而），when（这时），otherwise(否则的话)，nevertheless(然而)等。例如：

Both my brother and my sister are teachers.

我弟弟和妹妹都是老师。

His room is bright but mine is gloomy.

他的房间明亮，但是我的房间则光线昏暗。

He can not only repair radios but also fix them.他不但能修理收音机，而且还会安装。

It is a glorious yet difficult task.这是一项光荣但是艰难的任务。

Strike while iron is hot. 趁热打铁。

2.从属连词

从属连词是指在复合句中引导从句的连结词。常见的从属连词有：

引导时间状语从句的：after，before， when， as，while，since， until， till， as soon as

引导原因状语从句的：because， since， as

引导让步状语从句的：although， though， no matter（无论）， even if (though)

引导条件状语从句的：if，unless， once， so (as) long as

引导结果状语从句的：so … that …，such … that …

引导目的状语从句的：so that …，, in order that …

引导比较状语从句的：as … as …， not so (as) … as …， … than …

引导方式状语从句的：as if …

引导定语从句的：which， that， who， whom， whose， as， when，where， why

引导名词性从句的：who，what， which， whose， whoever，whatever， whichever， when，where，why， how，if， whether

[注意]：

1. 并列连词所连接的各部分的结构语法作用必须相同，而且形式尽可能一致。例如：

My parents offer me a feeling of warmth and love.

I’ll go immediately and by taxi.

2. 同一个从句只能用一个连词连接。例如：

He asked me that whether I could give him a hand. (应删去that这个连接词)

二）常用连词的用法

1.并列连词的用法

1）表示转折关系的并列连词。这类连词主要有 but，while， yet 等。例如：

Someone took away my dictionary, but I don’t remember who.

有人拿走了我的钢笔，但我不记得是谁了。

She trained hard all year, yet still failed to reach her best form.

她全年艰苦训练, 然而仍未达到自己的最佳状态。

2）表示因果关系的并列连词。这类连词主要有 for， so 等。例如：

The child had a bad cough, so his mother took him to the doctor.

这孩子咳得很利害，所以他妈妈带他去看医生。

for主要用于表示理由，对前面所说的内容进行解释。

You are supposed to get rid of carelessness, for it often leads to serious errors.

你们一定要克服粗枝大叶，因为粗枝大叶常常引起严重的错误。

注意：for作为表示因果关系的并列连词通常不能放句首，也不能单独使用。

3）表示并列关系的并列连词。这类连词主要有 and ，or ， neither…nor ， not only…but (also) ， both…and ，, as well as 等。例如：

He didn’t go and she didn’t go either.

他没去，她也没去。

The weather is mild today; it is neither hot nor cold.

今天天气很温暖，不冷也不热。

Both New York and London have traffic problems.

纽约和伦敦都存在交通问题。

It is important for you as well as for me.

这对你和对我都很重要。

People who are either under age or over age may not join the army.

年龄不到或者超龄的人都不得参军。

as well as 表示“不仅……而且； 既……又”，连接同等并列成分，放在主语之后，可作插入语，谓语动词还是按原来的主语作变化。

Alice as well as her parents is fond of pop music.

不仅爱丽丝而且她的父母都喜欢流行乐。

as well as 和not only … but also均连接同等并列成分，但as well as强调的是前项，而not only … but also强调的是后者。例如：

The child is lively as well as healthy = The child is not only healthy but also lively.

连接两个主语时，as well as句中的谓语动词采用的是就远原则，not only … but also句中的谓语采用就近原则。例如：

Tom as well as his friends likes sports much.

Not only Tom but also his friends like sports much.

not…but， or， either…or和neither…nor句中的谓语也采用就近原则。

否定句中并列成分的列举通常用 “or” 来连接，而不用and。例如：

Man can’t live without water or air.

2.某些用法比较特殊的从属连词用法区别

1) 当while, when, as引导时间状语从句时的区别：

as、when、while用法一览表

当when解释为“就在这时，恰恰就在这时”多用在下列句型中：

1). be + 表示状态的介词短语+ when…

One day Chuck is on a flight across the Pacific Ocean when suddenly his plane crashes.

有一天，Chuck乘飞机飞越太平洋，就在那时他的飞机坠落了。

We were at table when an unexpected visitor came.

我们正在吃饭，就在那时一个不速之客来了。

2).be doing sth + when…

We were heading for that small village when it began to rain.

我们正前往那个小村庄，就在那时天下起了雨。

3).be about to do sth + when…

She was about to leave the room when the telephone rang.

她正要离开房间，就在那时电话响了。

4).be on the point of doing sth + when…

The housewife was on the point of going shopping when she realized that she forgot the shopping list

这位家庭主妇正准备去购物，就在那时她意识到忘带了购物单。

2) before的一般用法是“在…之前”，但在不同的语言环境中，译法也有所不同。

①可译为“…才…”

We waited for two hours before he turned up.

我们等了两个小时他才露面。

②可译为“还没来得及”

He rushed out before I could tell him the good news.

我还没来得及告诉他那个好消息，他就冲了出去。

③可译为“趁…，以免…”

Write down the telephone number before you forget it.

趁你还没忘记，把电话号码写下来。

④可译为 “…就…”

They hadn’t known each other before they got married.

他们还没认识多久就结婚了。

long before 作时间状语时，解释为“很久以前”，连接从句时，解释为“早在…以前”。 before long 解释为“不久(时间状语)”。

He had heard a lot about you long before he met you

早在他见到你之前，他就听说过许多关于你的事了。

常用句型：

①It will be …before… 还要一段时间才…….

It will be another five days before we finish this task.

还要再过5天我们才能完成这个任务。

② It was…before… 过了一段时间才…….

It was three weeks before he returned.

过了三周他才回来。

3) till，until作为介词式从属连词引导时间状语短语或状语从句，用于否定句时，结构为no…until (till)，主句谓语动词延续与非延续皆可，意为“直到…才…”。用于肯定句时，只与延续性动词连用，表示“到…为止”。例如：

They played volleyball until (till) it got dark..

他们打排球直至天黑。

They didn’t talk（延续性动词）until (till) the interpreter（译员）came.

直到翻译来了他们才开始交谈。

He didn’t go to bed（非延续性动词）until (till) the his father came back.

直到父亲回来他才上床睡觉。

until可以放在句首，till则不行，例如：

Until she spoke I hadn’t realized she was foreign.

她要不说话我还一直不知道她是外国人。

当not until位于句首时，主句中的主语、谓语要使用倒装语序。例如：

Not until he finished his work did he go home.（倒装）.

直到完成工作他才回家。

not …until (till)的强调句型：It was not until(till) …that…..

It was not until I finished my homework that I went to bed.

是在做完作业之后我才去睡觉的。

It was not until last week that he realized he was wrong.

一直到上个星期他才认识到他是错误的。

till， until只用于时间，以下句子是错误的：We walked till the edge of the forest.（要用as far as或to）。

4) 含 time的短语引导的时间状语从句

可引导时间状语从句的time短语有every time， each time， (the) next time， (the) last time， by the time， the first time， any time等。例如：

Every time I listen to music, I’ll think of it.

每当我听音乐，我就想起这事。

He didn’t tell me anything the last time I saw him.

上次我见到他时他什么也没告诉我。

Each time she moved her head she let out a moan.

她每转动一下头，就发出一声呻吟。

5) 表示“一……就……”的连接词

除as soon as外，还有三类连接时间状语从句的连接词：名词型——the moment，the minute， the second， the instant；副词型——immediately， directly， instantly；句式型——no sooner…than…， hardly/scarcely…when…。例如：

The moment I saw him I knew that there was no hope.

我一看到他，就知道没有希望了。

I came immediately you called.

你一来电话我就来了。

I had no sooner got home than it began to rain.

我一到家就下起雨来了。

如果hardly， scarcely 或no sooner置于句首，句子必须用倒装结构。例如：

Hardly/Scarcely had I got home when it began to rain.

No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.

6) because, since, as引导原因状语时注意使用上的区别：

because, as, for , since 的区别

7) although和though引导让步状语从句往往用法一样，但注意以下区别：

①although用于各种文体，而though则多用于非正式的口语或书面语中。注意由although， though引导的从句后，主句不能用but，但可用副词yet, still。例如：

Although/ Though it rained all the morning, they still went on working.（或yet they went on working）

尽管雨下了整整一上午，但是依旧在继续工作。

②though常与even连用，even though表示强调，意为“即使”，但不能说even although，例如：

Even though I didn’t understand a word, I kept smiling.

即使我一句也听不懂，我仍然保持微笑。

③though可用作副词，意为“然而”，常用逗号与句子分开。although则不能这样使用，它只作连词。例如：

It was a quiet party. I had a good time, though.

那是一场安静的聚会，然而我玩的很尽兴。

8) once作副词译“曾经”，作为连词译“一旦”，引导条件状语从句。相当于if的加强形式。例如：

I don’t believe he was once a thief. (once这里是副词)

我不相信他曾经是个贼。

Once you understand this rule, you’ll have no further difficulty.

一旦明白了这条规则, 就再也没有困难了。

How would we cope once the money had gone?

钱一用完, 我们怎么办?

9) unless引导条件状语从句等于if … not …。例如：

You’ll fail in French unless you work harder.

你要是不再加把劲儿, 法语就考不及格了。

Unless England improve their game, they’re going to lose the match.

英格兰队如果不改进打法, 就会输掉这场比赛。

Unless引导的条件状语从句不能为否定形式。

10) as if引导的方式状语从句及表语从句中。

(1) 在look, seem 等系动词后引导表语从句。

She looks as if she were ten years younger．

她看起来好像年轻了十岁。

It seems as if our team is going to win．

看来我们队要胜了。

(2) 引导方式状语从句。

She loves the boy as if she were his mother．

她爱这男孩，就好像她是他的母亲一样。

The child talked to us as if he were a grown-up.

那孩子跟我们谈起话来，像个成年人似的。

(3) 如果as if引导的从句所表达的内容和实际情况相符，从句用陈述语气。反之，则用虚拟语气。虚拟语气的具体形式如下：

①谈论现在情形的，用过去时（动词be用were，也可用was）

Why is she looking at me as though she knew me?

他为什么那样看我？像是认识我似的。

He behaves as if he owned the house.

他的样子好像他拥有这个房子。

②谈论过去情形的动词形式有以下几种：

a)过去式，表示过去的状态，例如：

He looked at me as if I were mad.

他那样看我，好像我是个疯子。

He stood there looking at the train and laughing, as if to miss a train was the best joke in the world. 他站在那里，望着火车哈哈大笑，好像误了火车是天底下最开心的事儿似的。

She felt as though she could hardly endure such a life.

她觉得简直无法忍受这样的生活。

b)过去完成时，表示过去的动作先于主句动词而发生或完成

You look as if you’d seen a ghost.

你好像是见了鬼似的。

He talks about Rome as though he had been there himself.

他讲起罗马的情况来就好像他亲自到过那里似的。

c)过去进行时，表示动作正在进行

I felt as if the ground were slipping beneath my feet.

我感到大地仿佛在脚下滑动。

d)过去将来时，表示将要发生的事态

It looked as if it was going to snow.

随着语言的发展，as if 后面的从句即使反映的不是事实，也可以不用虚拟语气而用陈述语气，这主要出现在口语或不太正式的文体中。例如：

With the development of these new tools, it looks as if man has suddenly become a millionaire of the mind.

随着这些新工具的发展，人好像突然间成为精神上的百万富翁似的。

11) whether、 if引导从句的用法区别

(1) 引导主语从句、表语从句或同位语从句时，用whether，不用if。例如：

Whether they will go to the Great Wall is not known.

是否他们去长城还不可而知。

The question is whether we can finish the task on time.

问题是我们是否能够准时完成此项任务。

The question whether we will take part in the physics contest has not been decided.

我们是否参加物理竞赛，这个问题尚未决定。

(2) whether可接不定式，而if则不可。例如：

I haven’t decided whether to leave or not.

我还没有决定是否离开。

(3) whether可作介词的宾语或置于句首表示强调，而if则不可。例如：

Everything depends on whether we have enough money.

一切取决于是否我们有充足的资金。

Whether he will come, I am not sure.

我不能确定他是否会来。

(4)引导宾语从句的whether和if常可与or not连用。连用时要注意or not的位置，它一般与 whether、if分开使用，有时它可与whether合起来使用，但不能与if合起来使用。例如：

I don’t know whether/ if they will come or not.

I don’t know whether or not they will come.

(5)if可用来引导条件状语从句，译“如果”，whether则不行。例如：

If you work hard, you are sure to succeed.

如果你努力学习，你一定会成功。

12) as作从属连词可引导多种状语从句。

(1) as引导时间状语从句，意为“当…时”。例如：

I was startled as he opened the door．

欢迎大家来到IT世界,在知识的湖畔探索吧!

欢迎大家来到IT世界,在知识的湖畔探索吧!他一开门，我吓了一跳。 

He shouted aloud as her ran along．

欢迎大家来到IT世界,在知识的湖畔探索吧!他一边往前跑，一边高声地呼喊。 

(2) as引导方式状语从句，意为“象…一样”。例如：

As in your country，we grow wheat in the north and rice in the south．

正如(像)你们国家一样，我们在北方种小麦，在南方种大米。

When at Rome，do as Romans do.

入乡随俗。

(3) as引导原因状语从句。意为“由于”，例如：

I must stop writing now，as I have rather a lot of work to do．

我必须停笔了，因为我还有许多工作要做。 

(4) as引导让步状语从句。意为“虽然”、“尽管”。as引导让步状语从句时须倒装。

Strange as it may seem，it is true．

尽管这事看上去很奇怪，但却是真的。

Try as he might，Tom could not get out of the difficulties．

不管怎样努力，汤姆还是摆脱不了困境。

(5) as做为关系代词还可以引导定语从句。引导限制性定语从句，用在“such．．．as”，“the same．．．as”，“as．．．as”等结构中，常译作“像．．．一样的人(或物) ”。引导非限制性定语从句，用来指代它前面的整个句子(即先行句)，意思是“正如，正像”。这个分句可以位于句首、句中或句末。例如：

He wished to be such a man as Lei Feng was．

他曾希望做一个像雷锋那样的人。

My hometown is no longer the same as it was．

我的家乡再也不像过去一样了。

As is well known，oceans cover more than 70％ of the earth．

正如我们所知道的，海洋占地球面积的百分之七十以上。

(6) as引导比较状语从句

Jack is as tall as his father．

杰克和他的父亲一样高。

He doesn’t speak English as／so fluently as you．

他的英语说得不如你流利。

经典题例解析

1. The changes in the city will cost quite a lot, ___________they will save us money in the long run.

A. or B. since C. for D. but

[答案] D. but

[解析]本题考查并列连词or、for、but和从属连词的意义和用法。并列连词or通常表示选择关系；for表示因果关系；but表示转折关系；从属连词since表示原因。通过比较前后两个分句意思可知，它们是转折关系。

2. you call me to say you’re not coming, I’ll see you at the theatre.

A. Though B. Whether C. Until D. Unless

[答案] D. Unless

[解析]本题考查状语从句，全句意为：我将在剧院门口等你，除非你打电话说你不来了。D项表条件，符合句意。A项表让步，意为“尽管”；B项表让步，意为“不管……（还是……）；”C项表时间，意为“直到……（才……）”，均不合逻辑。

3. Several weeks had gone by I realized the painting was missing.

A. as B. before C. since D. when

[答案] B. before

[解析]本题考查连词的用法。sth. happened before sb. could do sth.“某人还来不及做某事，某事就已经发生”。

4. Not until all the fish died in the river __________how serious the pollution was.

A. did the villagers realize B. the villagers realized

C. the villagers did realize D. didn’t the villagers realize

[答案] A. did the villagers realize

[解析]本题考查until引导的时间状语从句，当not until位于句首时，主句中的主语、谓语要使用倒装语序。

5. It was __________it rained heavily that they didn’t come.

A. as B. because C. for D. since

[答案] B. because

[解析]本句话为强调句型。由于被强调的成分是原因状语从句，故而只能用because这个从属连词。

6. There is little chance that we will succeed in changing the law. ______, it is important that we try.

A. But B. Nevertheless C. Otherwise D. Therefore

[答案] B. Nevertheless

[解析]句意：我们不太可能改变法律，但重要的是我们得试试。nevertheless “然而，不过”，可用逗号与句子隔开；but则不能；otherwise “否则”，therefore“因此”。根据句意选B。

7. I thought we’d be late for the concert, ______ we ended up getting there ahead of time.

A. but B. or C. so D. for

[答案] A. but

[解析]句意：我原以为我们去参加音乐会会迟到，但是结果我们却提前到了。根据行文逻辑有明显的转折意思，故排除C项和D项；or “否则”， 不合题意。所以只有A项符合题意。

8. He found it increasingly hard to walk, ______ his health is beginning to worsen.

A. though B. for C. but D. so

[答案] B. for

[解析]句意：由于他的健康开始恶化，他明显感到行走有困难。本题句子前后是因果关系，所以只有B项符合题意。

9. Try _______he might, he couldn’t get out of difficulty.

A. when B. where C. till D. as

[答案] D. as

[解析]句意：尽管他可以努力，但他不可能摆脱困境。本题考查让步状语从句，而且从句为倒装语序，故而只能D项是正确的。

10. __________I saw the computer, I showed great interest in it.

A. At first B. For the first time C. Until D. The first time

[答案] D. The first time

[解析]A 项和B项不是连词，因而不能用来连接时间状语从句；C项虽然为从属连词，但不符合题意；D项意为“第一次……的时候”，可作从属连词引导时间状语从句。

11. This study shows that _____ the differences between American English and British English do exist, they don’t affect the communication between the people of the two nations.

A. since B. so C. while D. but

[答案] C. while

[解析]句意：研究表明，尽管美国英语和英国英语之间的确存在差异，但是并不影响两国人民间的交流。本题句子前后是让步关系，故而只能用while来引导该从句。

12. One advantage of listening to music is _____ it can give you a great deal of pleasure.

A. how B. why C. that D. when

[答案] C. that

[解析]分析句子结构知本题考查表语从句。how表示方式，why 表示原因， when

表示时间，但句中从句体现的是事实，不表示疑问涵义，故用that引导。

13. Mr. Black took the police back to _____ place ______he witnessed the murder.

A. same; as B. the same; where C. same; that D. the same; when

[答案] B. the same; where

[解析]句意：布莱克先生把警察带回到他目击了谋杀案的那个地方。the same place后面的从句为定语从句，表地点时用where来引导，且在句中作状语，as和that均为关系代词，不能作从句中的状语。

14._____ is known to us all is that the old teacher, for ____ life was hard in the past, still works hard in his seventies.

A. As; whom B. What; whom C. It; whose D. As; whose

[答案] B. What; whom

[解析]本题考查主语从句和定语从句。第一个空容易误选as和it，因为as经常位于句首引导非限制性定语从句，it经常作形式主语位于句首，但此处这两种形式都不对，这是一个主语从句；第二个空是定语从句，该空易受whose引导定语从句并在从句中作定语这一用法的干扰，其实，此处用whom指的是the old teacher，即life was hard for the old teacher in the past。

15. It is often said that the joy of travelling is _____ in arriving at your destination ______in the journey itself.

A. 不填;but B. 不填;or C. not; or D. not; but

[答案] D. not; but

[解析]本题考查连词。not…but“不是…而是”。句意：据说旅游的乐趣不在于你所到达的目的地，而在于旅游过程本身。

小试牛刀

一.单项选择

1. he thought he was helping us with the work, he was actually in the way.

A．Although B．Unless C．Because D．When

2. —When did he leave the classroom?

—He left you turned back to write on the blackboard.

A．the minute B．the time C．until D．before

3. _____ I know the money is safe, I shall not worry about it.

A. Even though B. Unless C. As long as D. While

4. Jack had traveled six miles across the Channel _____his engine failed and was forced to land on the sea .

A．when B．until C．after D．since

5. John waited at the bus-stop for nearly half an hour the bus finally arrived .

A．when B．as C．before D．while

6. Stand over there , _______ you will be able to see the oil painting better.

A. but B. till C. and D. or

7. Although he knew little about the large amount of work done in the field, he succeeded _____ other more well-informed experimenters failed.

A．as B．unless C．what D．where

8. I was advised to arrange for insurance(保险) _______ I needed medical treatment.

A．nevertheless B．although C．in case D．so that

9. Although Mr. Smith is one of those teachers who appear to be friendly, ______ he is very hard to deal with.

A. but B. so C. so that D. yet

10. My experiment seems to have been successful, ___ I am not satisfied.

A. yet B. still C. and D. or

11. Her husband doesn’t like smoking ___ drinking, neither does he like communicating with others.

A. or B. and C. to D. but

12. ___ Newton ___ Einstein are world-famous scientists.

A. Not only… but also B. Both… and C. Either… or D. Neither… nor

13. Whether it rains ___ not, he is always here on time.

A. or B. and C. nor D. yet

14. You may ___ stay at home ___ go to the film.

A. either… or B. both… and C. neither… or D. either… nor

15. ___ does he do his own work well, ___ he helps others with their work.

A. Either, or B. Not only, but C. Neither, nor D. Both, and

16. A warm thought suddenly came to me _______I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mother’s birthday.

A. if B. when C. that D. which

17. Please remind me _______ he said he was going. I may be in time to see him off.

A. where B. when C. how D. what

18. —Can we get everything ready by the weekend?

—It all depends on _______ we can get Mr. Green’s cooperation.

A. that B. what C. whether D. if

19. _______ makes this shop different is that it offers more personal services.

A. What B. Who C. Whatever D. Whoever

20. The way he did it was different ________ we were used to.

A. in which B. in what C. from what D. from which

21. I just wonder that makes him so excited.

A. why it does B. what he does C. how it is D. what it is

22. _____ has been announced, we shall have our final exams next month.（2003上海）

A. That B. As C. It D. What

23. He didn’t plan his time well___he didn’t finish the work in time.

A. so that B. because C. when D. such that

24. I really can’t believe that ___ little animals can eat____ much grass.

A. such, so B. so, so C. such, such D. so, such

25. I live in the room, the window ____ opens to the south.

A. that B. which C. of which D. whose

26. She didn’t attend class in ___ she was seriously ill yesterday.

A. that B. which C. what D. whether

27. Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her?

Yes, I gave it to her ____ I saw her. (2001春考)

A.while B. the moment C. suddenly D. once

28. —No one wants to speak with him ____ he came from another planet.

—They really shouldn’t do that to a newcomer.

A. like B. if C. as if D. because

29. He has got himself into a danger situation ____ he is likely to lose control over the plane. (2001上海)

A. where B. which C. while D. why

30. ____ doesn’t matter whether you will visit the museums _____ you have found ____ interesting to understand the knowledge you have learnt in the classroom.

A. It, which, it B. That, where, them C. One, which, them D. It, where, it

31. This is a very interesting book. I’ll buy it ______.

A. how much may it cost B. no matter how it may cost

C.however much it may cost D.how may it cost

32. We must take measures to protect endangered wildlife ___ it is too late.

A. now that B. as long as C. unless D. before

33. This medicine, ___ drug, has a violent effect.

A. and B. or rather D. but D. however

34. The text is rather difficult. It is, ___, not beyond the reach of the students.

A. therefore B. for C. so D. however

35. He worked day and night, and ___ he was able to buy the big house.

A. therefore B. so C. however D. yet

二.改正下列句中的连词错误

1. It won’t matter even he refuses.

2. Jim imagined that the whole world knew of his achievements, when in fact only a few people had heard of it .

3. Which we all know, swimming is a very good sport.

4. He was looking for the dictionary whenever he thought he might have put it.

5. No matter if he is free, he must go to the library.

6. I have not missed a play or a concert when I was seventeen years old.

7. Next time that I plan to travel in London, I’m going to take a plane.

8. I’m not going to talk on the point any further, though it is neither important nor very interesting.

9. Much since I like all the books, I can’t afford to buy them.

10. Alic was waiting for the bus then she noticed a thief running out of a shop.

11. It looks as if my parents treat me as a visitor and a guest

12. Turn to the right, you will find the post office.

13. Having been ill for a long time, so she fell behind her classmates.

14. It’s morning now, because the birds are singing

15. The moon moves round the earth is well known to us all.

一.单项选择

1. [答案] A. Although

[解析]主从句之间存在着转折关系。句意：虽然他认为他在帮忙，实际上他却是妨碍我们的工作。故选A。

2. [答案] A. the minute

[解析]the minute=as soon as“一···就···”，引导时间状语从句。句意：你一转身在黑板上写字，他就离开了。故选A。

3. [答案] C. As long as

[解析] “我不担心钱的安全问题”的前提条件是“只要我知道钱是安全的”。as

long as“只要”，引导条件状语从句，故选C。

4. [答案] A. when

[解析] when = and at this moment suddenly“正在这时突然”。故选A。

5. [答案] C. before

[解析] before引导时间状语从句，公共汽车来之前，我已等了将近半个小时了。故选C。

6. [答案] C. and

[解析]句意：站在那边，你就能更好地看这幅画。“祈使句 + and / or + 表结果的陈述句”

用来叙述肯定或否定的条件。

7. [答案] D. where

[解析]where引导地点状语从句，句意：在别的受过良好教育的实验者失败的地方，他却成功了。故选D。

8. [答案] C. in case

[解析] 句意：别人建议我买保险，以防日后我需要医疗。in case：“以防，万一”。故选C。

9. [答案] D. yet

[解析]句意：尽管史密斯先生是一位看上去友好的地老师，但是却难以对付。although引导的让步状语从句不可以和but连用，但是可与yet连用。

10. [答案] A. yet

[解析]句意：我的实验好像是成功了，但是我并不满意。可以看出两个并列句为转折关系，只有A项符合要求。

11. [答案] A. or

[解析] 否定句中并列成分的列举通常用 “or” 来连接，而不用and。

12. [答案] B. Both… and

[解析] either…or， neither…nor， not only…but also句中的谓语采用就近原则，而本句话的谓语动词是are，所以只有B选项合乎要求。

13. [答案] A. or

[解析]本句话考查让步状语从句的连接词whether… or…“不管…还是…”的用法。句意: 不管下不下雨，他总是准时到达。

14. [答案] A. either… or

[解析]本题考查几个并列连词的用法。C项和D项搭配错误，B项不合题意，只有A项为正确答案。句意：你要么呆在家里，要么去看电影。

15. [答案] B. Not only, but

[解析]由于本句话的前半部分为倒装语序，所以A和D项为错误答案，因为这两个并列连词与倒装无关。neither…nor…所引导的句子都是倒装语序，因此C项也应排除。not only…but (also)结构中，只有not only所在的句子需倒装，而but (also)所在的句子不倒装，故而B项正确。

16. [答案]C. that

[解析]主句完整，同时从句也不缺成分。根据句意可看出that引导的从句构成与a warm

thought的同位语。

17. [答案] B. when

[解析] 句意：请提醒我他说他将什么时候走。本句话考查宾语从句的连接词。

18. [答案] C. whether

[解析] 本题考查介词宾语从句。 根据上下文意思 ，该处应该是“我们是否能得到Green先生的合作”。If不可以引导介词宾语从句。

19. [答案] A. What

[解析] 此题考察what引导名词性从句的用法。在此题中what引导主语从句，同时在从句中充当主语。

20. [答案] C. from what

[解析]本题考查固定短语 be different from，同时也考查名词性从句中的宾语从句，介词from后是宾语从句，但从句中be used to 后面少宾语，且根据上文是我们过去习惯的方法，这用what 符合语意。

21. [答案] D. what it is

[解析]wonder后面的宾语从句本是what makes him so excited。但what需要被强调，故用强调句型。

22. [答案] B. As

[解析]本句考查as引导的非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句内容，解释为“正如，正像”。故正确答案为B。

23. [答案] A. so that

[解析]本句考查so that引导结果状语从句。正确答案为A。

24. [答案] A. such, so

[解析] little animals 是“小动物”之意， little不是“少”的意思，所以前面用such而不用so修饰；后空则用so与much搭配。

25[答案] C. of which

[解析] 本题考查定语从句的连接词选择。先行词the room同window之间有所有关系，应而首选whose，但是鉴于window之前有定冠词，所以只能使用of which 。

26. [答案] A. that

[解析]本题考查句型…in that…(之所以…是因为…)。本句话意为“她昨天之所以没来上学，是因为病得厉害”。故正确答案为A。

27. [答案] B. the moment

[解析] while引导的时间状语从句中要有延续性动词，而see在此句中为短暂性动词；C项不可引导从句；D项引导的是条件状语从句；the moment表示“一…就…”，可以引导时间状语从句。

28. [答案] C. as if

[解析]本题考查连接词的用法。as if引导方式状语从句。题意为“无人想和他说话，好像它来自另外一个星球似的”。

29. [答案] A. where

[解析]本题考查定语从句连接词的选择。首先应删去C项，应为它不是定语从句的连接

词。分析从句不难看出，从句中不缺主语、宾语和原因状语，只缺地点状语，故而应该选A.。

30. [答案] D. It, where, it

[解析]首先，matter是不及物动词，不可接宾语从句，显然它后面的从句应该使用来做主语的。由于太长，就用it作形式主语替代，故第一个空选用it。其次，whether引导的主语从句中的museums又有定语从句。定语从句中的found后接形容词interesting作宾补，则第三个空格一定是形式宾语，而真正的宾语则是后面的不定式to understand the knowledge you have learnt in the classroom，所以应选it。museums后的定语从句在整个从句中作状语，用where引导。全句意思是：你是否要去参观那些令人感兴趣的，对你的课堂知识有帮助的博物馆没多大关系。

31. [答案] C.however much it may cost

[解析]句意：这本书很有趣，无论它多少钱，我都要买。B项应改为no matter how much it may cost，故不正确。A和D两项的语序不对。答案为C。

32. [答案] D. before

[解析] now that“既然”；as long as“只要”； unless“除非”；before“在…之前”。句意：在还不算太晚之前，我们必须采取措施以保护濒临灭绝的野生动物。

33. [答案] B. or rather

[解析]句意：这种药品，或者说麻醉剂，有强烈的效果。or rather“或者说；准确地说”。

34. [答案] D. however

[解析]however此处是副词，意思是“然而；可是”，表示转折。又如：He hasn’t arrived. He may, however, come later. 他还未到，不过，他可能过一会儿来。We have not yet won; however, we shall try again. 我们还没有取胜, 不过我们还要再试一下

35. [答案] A. therefore

[解析] therefore “因此，所以”是副词，用法跟however一样。又如：He has broken his leg and therefore he can’t walk. 他摔坏了腿，因此不能走路了。We do not have enough money. Therefore we cannot afford to buy the new car. 我们的钱不够,因此买不成这辆新车。

二.改正下列句中连词的错误

1. [答案] even后加if

[解析]even if引导让步状语从句。

2. [答案]when改为while

[解析]前后两句之间在逻辑上为转折关系。while意为“然而”。

3. [答案]which改为as

[答案] which引导非限制性定语从句时不可以放在主句之前，但是as引导的非限制性定语从句则可前可后。

4. [答案]whenever改为wherever

[解析]句中的从句应该为wherever引导的地点状语从句，而不是whenever引导的时间状语从句或让步状语从句。

5. [答案]if 改为whether

[解析]no matter whether连接让步状语从句，不可以用if。

6. [答案]when 改为since

[解析] since引导时间状语从句，主句的时态通常为完成时态。

7. [答案] 去掉that或改为when

[解析] next time引导的时间状语从句。可引导时间状语从句的time短语有every time， each time， (the) next time， (the) last time， by the time， the first time， any time等。

8. [答案] though改为because

[解析] 前后两句之间在逻辑上为因果关系，不是让步关系。

9. [答案]since改为as

[解析] 前后两句之间在逻辑上为让步关系，much提到了从句的句首，说明只能用as。as引导让步状语从句时须倒装。

10. [答案]then改为when

[解析]句意：Alic正在等车，就在那时他注意到一个小偷从商店里跑出来。所以要用when这个并列连词。when意为“就在那时”。

11. [答案] and改为or

[解析] 本句话意思为“看起来我的父母亲把我当成了visitor或guest 了”。二者为选择关系，而非并列关系，故应将 and改为or。

12. [答案]you的前面加and

[解析] 本句的基本结构为：祈使句 + and + 陈述句。

13. [答案]删去并列连词so

[解析]本句中含有现在分词短语作原因状语，所以不可以同并列连词连用。

14. [答案]because改为for

[解析] for的语气不及because， since， as强，为并列连词，引导的分句常放在主句之后，从句前通常用逗号，表示说话者为所做的推断和预测提供理由，或对前一分句进行补充和解释。很显然，鸟叫不可能是“现在已是早上”的原因。

15. [答案]在句首加从属连词that

[解析]通过句子结构的分析不难看出，句中the moon moves round the earth为本句话的主语，缺少连接词。