晴读（13）：Visio主体关系图制作步骤

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今天小编为您带来“晴读（13）：

Visio主体关系图制作步骤”。

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Dear, this is the LearingYard Academy!

Today, the editor brings the

＂Qing Reading (13)：Steps for Creating Subject Relationship

Diagrams with Visio Software”.

Welcome to visit!

一、思维导图（Mind Map）

二、软件介绍（Software Introduction）

Visio是微软推出的专业绘图软件，主要用于创建各类图表和可视化图形，广泛应用于商务、工程、IT等多个领域。它提供了丰富的模板和形状库，涵盖流程图、组织结构图、网络拓扑图、思维导图、因果关系图等多种类型，用户可根据需求快速搭建基础框架，再通过拖拽形状、连接线条等简单操作完成绘制。软件支持自定义形状样式、颜色和文本格式，能让图表更具个性化和专业性。同时，Visio与微软Office系列软件兼容性良好，可方便地将图表插入Word、Excel或PowerPoint中，也能导入数据生成动态图表，便于数据可视化展示和协作编辑。无论是用于项目规划、流程分析还是系统设计，Visio都能帮助用户清晰呈现复杂的信息和关系，提升沟通效率和工作专业性。

Visio is a professional drawing software launched by Microsoft, mainly used for creating various types of charts and visual graphics, and is widely applied in many fields such as business, engineering, and IT. It provides a rich collection of templates and shape libraries, covering various types including flowcharts, organizational charts, network topology diagrams, mind maps, cause and effect diagrams, etc. Users can quickly build a basic framework according to their needs, and then complete the drawing through simple operations such as dragging and dropping shapes and connecting lines. The software supports customizing shape styles, colors and text formats, which can make the charts more personalized and professional. At the same time, Visio is highly compatible with Microsoft Office software series, allowing users to easily insert charts into Word, Excel or PowerPoint, and also import data to generate dynamic charts, facilitating data visualization display and collaborative editing. Whether it is for project planning, process analysis or system design, Visio can help users clearly present complex information and relationships, and improve communication efficiency and work professionalism.

三、主体关系图（Subject Relationship Diagram）

用Visio画主体关系图，是指借助Visio这款专业绘图软件，将多个存在关联的主体（如概念、事物、对象等）及其相互关系通过图形化的方式直观呈现出来的过程。在绘制时，可利用Visio提供的丰富形状库、连接线和模板，先确定核心主体并放置在图中合适位置，再添加相关联的其他主体，然后通过线条、箭头等连接元素明确主体间的从属、因果、并列、依赖等关系，同时配上文字说明，让复杂的主体关联变得清晰易懂，常见的如思维导图、因果图、实体关系图等都属于这类图，能帮助梳理思路、分析问题或展示结构。

Drawing a subject relationship diagram with Visio refers to the process of intuitively presenting multiple related subjects (such as concepts, things, objects, etc.) and their interrelationships in a graphical way with the help of this professional drawing software Visio. When drawing, you can make use of the rich shape libraries, connecting lines and templates provided by Visio. First, identify the core subject and place it in an appropriate position in the diagram, then add other related subjects. Then, use connecting elements like lines and arrows to clarify the subordinate, causal, parallel, dependent and other relationships between subjects, and add text descriptions at the same time to make complex subject relationships clear and easy to understand. Common examples such as mind maps, cause-and-effect diagrams, and entity-relationship diagrams all belong to this type of diagram, which can help sort out ideas, analyze problems or display structures.

四、主要步骤（Main Steps）

1.首先根据你所需要做图的内容提炼出相关的各个主体，例如本篇案例中的消费者、制造商、物流企业和回收商等。列出所有主题，确认它们之间的逻辑关系。

1. First, extract the relevant subjects based on the content of the diagram you need to create. For example, in the case of this article, these subjects include consumers, manufacturers, logistics enterprises, and recyclers. List all the subjects and confirm the logical relationships between them.

2.打开Visio软件，并选择“流程图”或“基本图形”模板，根据自己的需求调整图形和图标。

2. Open the Visio software, and select the “Flowchart” or “Basic Shapes” template. Adjust the graphics and icons according to your needs.

3.创建主体节点。在绘制图表时，选择合适的形状来表示不同的主体角色。例如选择矩形表示流程中的每个环节如消费者、制造商、回收商等。菱形用于表示决策点，如“是否进行再制造”。圆形用来表示开始和结束的节点。

3. Create subject nodes. When drawing the diagram, select appropriate shapes to represent different subject roles. For example, rectangles can be used to represent each link in the process, such as consumers, manufacturers, and recyclers. Diamonds are used to indicate decision points, such as “whether to remanufacture”. Circles are used to represent start and end nodes.

4.添加连接线。连接线是主体关系图的关键，用箭头或连接线表示各个主体之间的互动。从消费者到回收商表示消费者提供废旧产品，回收商负责回收。从回收商到制造商代表废旧产品运输到制造商进行再利用或再制造。而从制造商到物流表示再制造的产品交由物流公司配送给消费者。通过清晰的箭头标注，使得每个流程和环节一目了然。

4. Add connecting lines. Connecting lines are key to a subject relationship diagram, using arrows or connecting lines to show interactions between various subjects. A line from consumers to recyclers indicates that consumers provide waste products and recyclers are responsible for recycling. A line from recyclers to manufacturers represents the transportation of waste products to manufacturers for reuse or remanufacturing. A line from manufacturers to logistics indicates that remanufactured products are delivered to consumers by logistics companies. Clear arrow labels make each process and link clear at a glance.

5.添加决策点。决策点能帮助我们理解各个环节的决策机制。在Visio中，可以使用菱形表示，如“是否进行再制造”这一决策点，决策后的结果可以分为不同的流程。

5. Add decision points. Decision points help us understand the decision-making mechanism of each link. In Visio, diamonds can be used to represent them, such as the decision point “whether to remanufacture”. The results after the decision can be divided into different processes.

6.调整样式。为了让图表更加生动，可以选择不同的图标与颜色为每个主体节点选择合适的图标。不同的颜色可以区分不同的流程和决策环节，让图表更加有层次感。调整文字的大小和字体能有效提升图表的可读性，避免信息过载。以及选择合适的配色方案，能让整个图表看起来更加和谐。例如，使用绿色表示回收，蓝色表示物流，突出主题和流程。

6. Adjust the style. To make the diagram more vivid, you can choose different icons and colors, selecting appropriate icons for each subject node. Different colors can distinguish different processes and decision-making links, giving the diagram a stronger sense of hierarchy. Adjusting the size and font of the text can effectively improve the readability of the diagram and avoid information overload. Moreover, choosing a suitable color scheme can make the entire diagram look more harmonious. For example, using green to represent recycling and blue to represent logistics can highlight the themes and processes.

五、注意事项（Matters Needing Attention）

1.选择匹配模板，避免从零开始画，节省时间。

1. Choose a matching template to avoid drawing from scratch and save time.

2.用自带连接线连接元素，移动时关系不会错位。

2. Use the built-in connecting lines to link elements, so that the relationships won’t be misaligned when moving them.

3.及时保存文件，防止操作失误导致内容丢失。

3. Save the file in a timely manner to prevent loss of content due to operational errors.

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翻译：谷歌翻译

参考资料：百度百科、ChatGPT

参考文献：刘凯玲. 考虑闭环供应链废旧产品再利用的以旧换新策略研究 [D]. 吉林大学, 2024.

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