这些词都叫”范围”

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(1) band

n. 数值范围；指在一个测量系统范围内的所有数字或数值（a range of numbers or values within a system of measurement）

band最基本的意思是“绑带，带子”–> “带状物” –>“戒指” “箍”

各种乐器绑在一起演奏 –>“乐队” “(有相同兴趣的)一群人” a band of people

所以当“范围”讲的时候，可以理解为在“带子”“绑”的范围内

eg: For an initial service, a 10 megahertz-wide band of frequencies will be needed. “频宽”

…a tax band of 20p in the pound on the first £2,000 of taxable income. “税级”

同源词区分：

bend v.弯曲 n.拐角

bind v. 捆绑，约束，使结合（bind，bound，bound）

bond v.things黏合在一起；people建立关系 n. 强烈的情感纽带，人与人之间的密切关系

(2) bound

n. 范围，“界限，边界”；指约束所能发生或人们所能做的事情的限制 （limits which normally restrict what can happen or what people can do）

eg: Changes in temperature occur slowly and are constrained within relatively tight bounds.

phr. out of bounds (在界限之外) “禁止的” “禁止入内”

v. 约束

i. an area of land is bounded by sth. / sth. bound an area, 指sth.位于the area边界周围

ii. life/situation is bounded by sth. 指life受到sth的限制和约束

iii. A be bound to B= A is closely associated with B 与..密切相关

v. 跳跃前行

eg: He bounded up the steps.

i. a vehicle/person is bound for a particular place 前往某地

ii. sth. be bound to do 因知道是已知/存在事物的自然结果而确定sth.注定发生，“必然会”

iii. sth. be bound to do 虽然没有证据，但是感觉sth.肯定发生，“应该会”

iv. the quality/performance of sth. bound ahead 骤升(increase quickly and suddenly)

(3) range

v. range between 最低值 and 最高值, / from … to … ；强调幅度

n. 范围，幅度；能到达的最值；

phrase: a range of things 一系列…

(4) extent

指“范围”时，the extent of sth. is its length, size or area，某物“长度、大小、所占区域”

eg：Their commitment is to maintain the extent of the forest.

另指“程度”，词组：to the extent of… “到..的程度”

the extent to which/that + 从句 “…的程度”/”在多大程度上…”

eg: The extent to which it helped to promote Britain’s broader strategic interests was sometimes questionable.

(5) scale

n. 尤其指“大范围” “规模”，very big size or extent

–> “等级” “工资级别” “音阶” “比例尺” “秤”

a. 按比例缩小的

v. A is out of scale with B 与..不成比例/不相称

(6) scope

n. 范围，领域；a scope of…指一个活动/话题/作品所涉及或包括的全部领域 the whole area

另外 scope for sth. 指做sth.的“机会”

(7) span

n. 跨度； 横跨的距离–> “宽度”

时间的跨度–> “时间段” “注意力持续的时间”

v. 横跨； eg: The bridge spans a little stream.

v. 持续； eg: His career spanned 16 years.

(8) spectrum

n. 范围，指一些种类特别的事物的范围

eg: She’d seen his moods range across the emotional spectrum.

eg: Politicians across the political spectrum have denounced the act.

另外，spect-词根有“看”的意思，所以spectrum特指 “光谱”

(9) compass

be within the compass of sth./sb. 指 within their limits or abilities，“在…限制/能力范围之内”