区别辨析isolate、separate、segregate与insulate

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深圳翻译公司

isolate、separate、segregate与insulate这些动词均有“分开、分离、隔离”之意。

1、isolate : 侧重指完全分离、隔开，也指人或处于完全孤立的状态。

• A high wall isolated the house from the rest of the village.
  一堵高墙将这栋房子与村庄的其他部分隔离开来。
• They tried to isolate (= find) the cause of the problem.
  他们试图找出问题的原因。
• Virus particles were eventually isolated from the tissue.
  终于将病毒粒子与组织分离开了。

2、separate : 指一般意义上的分开或隔开。

• The north and south of the country are separated by a mountain range.
  这个国家的南北两部分被一条山脉隔开。
• You can get a special device for separating egg whites from yolks.
  你可以买一种把蛋白与蛋黄分开的专用器具。
• The top and bottom sections are quite difficult to separate.
  顶部和底部很难分开。

3、segregate : 指把一群人或物从整体或主体中分离出来并区别对待，尤指基于种族或性别原因

• a segregated school/society
  实行种族隔离的学校／社会
• Blacks were segregated from whites in every area of life.
  在生活中的各方各面，黑人同白人被隔离开。

4、insulate : 指隔开、分离，尤指用某种东西阻挡从里面逃出或从外面进入的东西。作技术用词时，专指用某种绝缘体隔断通路。

• Children should be insulated from the horrors of war.
  应该让孩子远离战争的恐怖。
• Until recently the country’s economy has been insulated from recession by its reserves of raw materials.
  该国由于原材料储备充足，直到最近其经济也没有受到衰退的影响。