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140 中子数-在核反应中守恒吗？
Neutron Number – Does it conserve in a nuclear reaction?
（https://www.nuclear-power.com/）
中子数-在核反应中守恒吗？
In general, the neutron number is not conserved in nuclear reactions.
一般来说，核反应中的中子数是不守恒的。
In analyzing nuclear reactions, we apply the many conservation laws. Nuclear reactions are subject to classical conservation laws for the charge, momentum, angular momentum, and energy (including rest energies). Additional conservation laws not anticipated by classical physics are electric charge, lepton number, and baryon number. Certain of these laws are obeyed under all circumstances, and others are not. We have accepted the conservation of energy and momentum. In reactor physics (non-relativistic physics), we assume that the number of neutrons (the neutron number), the number of protons (the proton number), and its sum (the atomic mass number) are usually separately conserved. We shall find circumstances and conditions in which this rule is not true. Where we are considering non-relativistic nuclear reactions, it is essentially true. However, we shall find that these principles must be extended when we consider relativistic nuclear energies or those involving weak interactions (e.g., in beta decay, the neutron number is not conserved).
在分析核反应时，我们应用许多守恒定律。核反应服从电荷、动量、角动量和能量（包括静止能量）的经典守恒定律。其他经典物理中没有预料到的守恒定律是电荷、轻子数和重子数。这些定律中的某些在任何情况下都是遵守的；其他则不然。我们已经接受了能量和动量守恒。在反应堆物理（非相对论物理）中，我们假设质子数量(原子序数)、中子数量（中子数）及其总和（原子质量数）通常是分别守恒的。我们将会发现在某些情况下，这条规则是不成立的。当我们考虑非相对论性核反应时，它本质上是正确的。然而，当我们考虑相对论核能或涉及弱相互作用（例如，在β衰变中，中子数是不守恒的）时，我们将会发现我们必须扩展这些定理。
（待续）
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