第1364期：Midday Activities

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原文链接：

第1364期: Midday Activities

口语集锦: 见原文链接。

听力文本内容：

Imagine you want to describe your day. Perhaps you have an English test that asks about what you do regularly. Or maybe you just want to tell a friend about your day’s activities.

想象一下你想要描述你的一天。也许你有一个英语测试，询问你经常做什么。或者，也许您只是想告诉朋友您一天的活动。

In this Everyday Grammar, we will explore how you can describe the middle of your day. You will learn about how things that happen in the middle of the day connect with grammar. In particular, you will learn about direct objects, indirect objects and basic sentence structures.

在这本Everyday语法中，我们将探讨如何描述你一天中的事情。您将了解一天中发生的事情如何与语法联系起来。特别是，您将学习直接宾语、间接宾语和基本句子结构。

But first, let’s explore some important terms and ideas.

但首先，让我们探索一些重要的术语和想法。

A noun phrase is a group of words that acts like a noun in the sentence.

名词短语是在句子中充当名词的一组词。

Noun phrases can appear as the subject of the sentence or in the predicate – the part of the sentence that says something about the subject.

名词短语可以作为句子的主语或谓语出现 – 句子中关于主语的部分。

Consider this example:

考虑这个例子：

I am eating my lunch.

我正在吃午饭。

The noun phrase my lunch appears in the predicate, after the verb eat.

名词短语我的午餐出现在谓词中，在动词吃之后。

When noun phrases appear in the predicate, they can play the part of the direct or indirect object.

当名词短语出现在谓语中时，它们可以起到直接或间接宾语的作用。

The direct object is the receiver of the verb’s action.

直接宾语是动词动作的接受者

In our example, I am eating my lunch, the noun phrase my lunch is the direct object.

在我们的例子中，我正在吃我的午餐，名词短语我的午餐是直接宾语。

Now consider how statements about the middle of the day might connect with direct objects.

现在考虑一下关于中午的陈述如何与直接宾语联系起来。

Imagine you are telling someone about what you do every day.

想象一下，您正在告诉某人您每天都在做什么。

You could say:

你可以说:

I eat lunch.

我吃午饭。

I drink tea.

我喝茶。

I call my friends.

我打电话给我朋友。

I use my phone.

我用我的手机。

I take a nap.

我打个盹。

All of these statements follow the same basic structure: subject, verb and noun or noun phrase – the direct object.

所有这些陈述都遵循相同的基本结构：主语、动词和名词或名词短语——直接宾语。

Now, let’s explore indirect objects. The indirect object is the receiver of the direct object.

现在，让我们探索间接宾语。间接宾语是直接宾语的接受者。

Consider the following statement:

考虑以下语句：

I send my friends text messages.

我给朋友发短信。

In this case, the direct object is text messages. The indirect object is my friends. 在这种情况下，直接宾语是短信。间接宾语是我的朋友。

You might make any number of statements about midday activities by using direct and indirect objects.

您可以使用直接和间接宾语对中午的活动做出任意数量的陈述。

For example:

例如：

I give my mom a call.

我给我妈打电话。

Please note that indirect objects can also appear after prepositions, as in:

请注意，间接宾语也可以出现在介词之后，例如：

I take lunch to my brother.

我给我哥带午餐。

If you are having trouble identifying direct and indirect objects, ask yourself what the different noun phrases refer to.

如果您在识别直接宾语和间接宾语时遇到困难，试问自己不同的名词短语指的是什么。

For example, do the subject and noun phrases after the verb in the predicate refer to the same thing or different things?

例如，谓语动词后面的主语和名词短语指的是同一个东西还是不同的东西？

In our example, I take lunch to my brother, the subject is I, the direct object is lunch, and the indirect object is my brother.These all refer to three different things.

在我们的例子中，我给我哥哥带午餐，主语是我，直接宾语是午餐，间接宾语是我的兄弟。这些都是指三个不同的东西。

The next time you are listening to English speakers describing their days, pay careful attention to the kinds of sentences they use. Note how they use direct and indirect objects.

下次当您听讲英语的人描述他们的日子时，请仔细注意他们使用的句子种类。请注意他们如何使用直接和间接宾语。

With time, you will master basic sentence structures that will permit you to communicate all kinds of ideas – perhaps about the middle of the day, or about many other things as well.

随着时间的推移，您将掌握基本的句子结构，这将使您能够交流各种想法——也许是关于一天的中午，或者还有许多其他的东西。